It added 11 ports to the list of authorized trading Centers. they Legalized and imposed a tax on opium traffic and Granted foreigners the right to travel in all parts of China. they Promised that diplomatic represents lives of Western nations would be received in Peking.

Because of the interest of the French miss missionary activity, the Chinese govt. Was compelled to acknowledge that the “Christian religion inculcates the practice of virtue” undertook to protect missionaries and as property. Although the ineffectiveness of Chine as a Sovereign state by 1860 has been demonstrated, however Manchu govt carried out its Short-sighted policies.

Heavily staffed, practically paralyzed bureaucracy, and local officials failed to contemplate the desirability of change. They regarded western pressure as temporary and would disappear with time. The government persisted in an attitude of irresponsible and haughty superiority towards the western nations.
However, they were coming to rely upon these western nations to carry out some of the usual government functions within the Chinese empire and to protect their regime when it was menaced by rebellion.