The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War was a conflict between the Kingdom of Mysore, ruled by Tipu Sultan, and the British East India Company. The war took place from 1798 to 1799 and marked the final major confrontation between Mysore and the British in the series of Anglo-Mysore Wars.

Causes of the War: The causes of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War can be traced back to the previous conflicts and the complex dynamics between Mysore and the British East India Company:

1. British Concerns: The British were concerned about Tipu Sultan’s efforts to build alliances with the French and his ambitions to challenge British influence in India. They viewed Mysore as a potential threat to their dominance in the region.
2. French Support: Tipu Sultan had established diplomatic and military ties with the French Republic, which was at war with Britain. The British saw this alliance as a direct challenge to their interests and a reason to launch an offensive against Mysore.
3. Expansionist Aspirations: Tipu Sultan’s vision of a united South India under his rule was seen as a threat by the British. They aimed to curb his power and assert their control over the region.

A Course of the War: The war began in 1798 when the British launched a campaign against Mysore. The initial stages of the war were marked by significant British advances. They captured several key forts and territories, including the cities of Dindigul and Coimbatore. Tipu Sultan’s forces faced numerous setbacks and were pushed back.

However, the situation changed when a British army under the command of Colonel Arthur Wellesley (later known as the Duke of Wellington) faced significant resistance during the Siege of Srirangapatna. The fortification of Srirangapatna, the capital of Mysore, proved to be a formidable defense.

Despite the challenges, the British forces managed to breach the defenses and stormed into Srirangapatna. The final assault on the fort took place on May 4, 1799, resulting in a decisive British victory. During the battle, Tipu Sultan fought valiantly but was killed in action.