Past is reviewed to identify what parts of legacy are relevant and what factors are inhibiting growth. Ancient India witnessed the evolution of tribe-based Society to the rise of territorial states and the gradual formation of classes and castes within this state system.

There developed a trend towards ownership of land followed by the desire to dominate and control those engaged in cultivation. This trend led to the formation of a new form of society -the feudal society.

Medieval history studies the evolution of Social, economic, political, and cultural developments in India from the 8th Century to the end of the Seventeenth century. Politically, the center of gravity shifted from north to east, to the south, and back to north. Finally, the Mughals.

India and the world

Socio-economic and political changes in Europe and Asia had a profound impact on India as India had long-standing trade and cultural relations with them.