The Kisan Sabha Movement, also known as the All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS), was a significant peasant movement that emerged in British India in the 1930s. It was a part of the broader peasant and agrarian movements that aimed to address the issues faced by rural farmers and agricultural laborers. Here is an explanation of the Kisan Sabha Movement:

During British colonial rule, Indian agriculture was plagued by various problems, including exploitative land tenure systems, high rents, heavy taxation, debt, and inadequate access to credit and markets. Peasant communities, comprising small and marginal farmers, sharecroppers, and agricultural laborers, faced severe economic hardships and social inequality.

The All-India Kisan Sabha was established on April 11, 1936, in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, under the leadership of prominent peasant leaders such as Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, N.G. Ranga, E.M.S. Namboodiripad, and others. The movement aimed to address the grievances of the peasantry and work towards achieving socio-economic reforms in the agricultural sector. The main objectives of the Kisan Sabha included:

• Land Reforms: The movement demanded the abolition of the zamindari system and the redistribution of land to landless and marginalized peasants.
• Tenancy Rights: The Kisan Sabha fought for secure and fair tenancy rights for the sharecroppers and tenant farmers, protecting them from exploitative practices of landlords.
• Debt Relief: The movement demanded relief measures for the heavily indebted peasants, including debt waivers, lower interest rates, and fair credit facilities.
• Price Control and Marketing Reforms: The Kisan Sabha advocated for fair prices for agricultural produce and the establishment of regulated markets to ensure farmers’ access to better market opportunities.
• Agricultural Laborers’ Rights: The movement aimed to improve the working and living conditions of agricultural laborers and protect their rights.