•  Began in – 1864.
• Originate and leader – hung Hsiu-Chuan.

Program: –

1) To modernize China politically and economically.

2) Creating an equitable but Collectivist and theoretically directed society.

Hung’s religion was predominantly Christian in ideology but with peculiar variations. He regarded Taoism, Buddhism, and ancestor worship as idolatry. Taiping Rebellion was an anti-dynastic revolt and a religious crusade.

Failure of the Taiping rebellion.

Originating in the extreme South, the rebellion spread northward, gathering momentum Went. Highly emotional, ideologically radical, and utopian, it prefigured in some respects the 20m Country Chinese Communist Revolution. In -1853, The Taiping leaders captured Nanking, which they retained as their capital for eleven years.

“The Taiping regime ultimately collapsed despite the inability of the Manchus to suppress it This was partly due to inherent limitations in the movement and partly to the attitude of the great. Powers. Fundamentally a peasant uprising, the rebellion failed to win the support of the Chinese.

Intelligentsia antagonized this class by repudiating not only prevalent religions but the whole Confucian tradition as well. (Chinese intelligentsias). In addition, the Chinese gentry realized that the Taiping would institute radical economic Changes, jeopardizing private property rights. Foreign residents became aware that the triumph of Taiping would not serve the interest of Christian missionaries.

Western powers did not prefer an aggressive regime to replace the suppressed and weak Manchu dynasty. Without formal intervention, the western powers assisted the Manchus in suppressing the Rebellion even while the British and French were conducting their war against Peking Authorities in 1858-60. In 1869, the combined Chinese, French, and British forces captured Nanking, the look Taiping Stronghold.

Result of the Rebellion

-The suppression of the Hung’s rebellion did not bring peace.

– Muslim rebellions were prominent in the Southwest and northwest.

-The Manchu dynasty had been saved only through the efforts of its Chinese subjects and by the grace of the foreign powers.